nausic a écrit :
Quelle est la pertinence de votre réponse ? Aucune .
On n argument pas à force de "ipse dixit" . Bous n avez probablement mlême pas lu tout le livre de Asma Afsaruddin
Citez moi la page 241 de son livre
petit rappel ma source est :
Asma Afsaruddin is a Professor in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures at Indiana University in Bloomington. She was an associate professor in Arabic and Islamic studies at the University of Notre Dame, Indiana.![[1]](./images/smilies/trophy.gif "trophy")
She has previously taught at Harvard University and the Johns Hopkins University, from which she received her PhD in 1993.![[2]](./images/smilies/silver.gif "silver")
Her fields of specialization include the religious and political thought of Islam, study of the primary Islamic texts (Qur'an and hadith), as well as gender studies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asma_Afsaruddin
Citez moi la page 241 de son livre
241 il s agit de notes
see his The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization (Chicago,
1974), 1:58–59.
17. Tarif Khalidi, Classical Arab Islam: The Culture and Heritage of the Golden Age
(Princeton, 1985), 57.
18. This is a phrase used by Muhammad Arkoun in his L’humanisme arabe au IVe/IXe
siècle, Miskawayh, philosophe et historien(Paris, 1982), 357.
19. This classification was developed by Michael G. Carter in his chapter, “Human-
ism in Medieval Islam,” in Humanism, Culture, and Language in the Near East, ed. Asma
Afsaruddin and Mathias Zahniser (Winona Lake, IN, 1997), 27–38. For a wide-
ranging study of various types of humanism in the Islamic milieu, see Lenn E. Good-
man, Islamic Humanism (Oxford, 2003); cf. also Marcel Boisard, Humanism in Islam
(Bloomington, IN, 1987).
20. Ibn Qutayba, Kitab al-shi‘r wa-l-shu‘ara’ (“The Book of Poetry and Poets”), ed.
M. J. de Goeje (Leiden, 1902), 560; S. A. Bonebakker, “Adab and the Concept of
Belles-Lettres,” CHAL, 26.
21. Cited in CHAL, 26.
22. Many of the following details are taken from the article “al-Shafi‘i,” Shorter Ency-
clopedia of Islam, 512–15; EI 2 , 9:181–85.
23. See further Wael B. Hallaq, “Was al-Shafi‘i the Master Architect of Islamic
Jurisprudence?”, International Journal of Middle East Studies25(1993):593 ff.
24. Ibid., 599.
25. Wael B. Hallaq, A History of Islamic Legal Theories: An introduction to Sunni usul
al-fiqh(Cambridge, 1999), 34.
26. For more on Ibn Surayj and his legal activities, see Christopher Melchert, The
Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th–10th Centuries C.E. (Leiden, 1997), 87–115.
SI TU VEUX QUE JE TE DONNE LE LIEN pour télécharger le livre pas de probléme 
JE l'ai et je l'avais lu en entier 
